Monday, March 14, 2022

Ο βίαιος εκρωσσισμός είναι προαιώνια στρατηγική της ρωσσικής αυτοκρατορίας


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronology_of_Ukrainian_language_suppression

Ο βίαιος εκρωσσισμός είναι προαιώνια στρατηγική της ρωσσικής αυτοκρατορίας προκειμένου να κατασκευάζει Ρώσσους πολίτες και ρωσσικά εδάφη από το πουθενά.

To ότι κάποιος είναι ρωσσόφωνος δεν σημαίνει ότι ανήκει στην ρωσσική εθνότητα ή ότι τα εδάφη που κατοικεί είναι ρωσσικά. Η λίστα είναι ατελείωτη, τα ίδια έκανε και σε άλλες περιοχές που κατέλαβε η Τσαρική Ρωσσία. Όσοι Ρώσσοι αξιωματούχοι διαμαρτύρονται για την απαγόρευση της ρωσσικής γλώσσης από την ουκρανική κυβέρνηση, έχουν δίκαιο υπό την προϋπόθεση ότι αναγνωρίζουν τις αμέτρητες αποφάσεις απαγορεύσεως της ουκρανικής γλώσσης από τσαρικούς και σοβιετικούς αξιωματούχους. Η λίστα είναι ατελείωτη, τα ίδια έκανε και σε άλλες περιοχές που κατέλαβε η Τσαρική Ρωσσία. 1720 – Peter I's decree banning printing in the Ukrainian language and the seizure of Ukrainian church books. 1729 – Peter II ordered decrees and orders written in Ukraine be rewritten in Russian. 1763 – Catherine II's decree banning the teaching in Ukrainian in Kiev-Mohyla Academy. 1804 – according to a special royal decree in the Russian empire, all Ukrainian-language schools were banned, which led to the complete degradation of the Ukrainian population. 1832 – Reorganization of education in Ukraine on the empire-wide principles and transforming all teaching into Russian language 1862 – Closing Ukrainian Sunday schools for adults in the Russian part of Ukraine 1876 - Alexander II's Ems decree banning the printing and import from abroad of any Ukrainian literature, and to ban Ukrainian stage performances and Ukrainian lyrics in music scores, that is folk songs. 1914, 1916 – Russification campaign in western Ukraine, the prohibition of the Ukrainian word, education, church 2012 – The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine draft law "On State Language Policy", which steadily narrowed the scope of use of the Ukrainian language in most of the regions of Ukraine
2014 – The Ukrainian language has been suppressed in Crimea, Luhansk People's Republic, and Donetsk People's Republic

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russification_of_Ukraine The Russification of Ukraine was a body of laws, decrees, and other actions undertaken by the Imperial Russian and later Soviet authorities to strengthen Russian national, political and linguistic positions in Ukraine.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ems_Ukaz

The Ems Ukaz or Ems Ukase was a secret decree (ukaz) of Emperor Alexander II of Russia issued in 1876, banning the use of the Ukrainian language in print except for reprinting old documents. The ukaz also forbade the import of Ukrainian publications and the staging of plays or lectures in Ukrainian. It was named after the city of Bad Ems, Germany, where it was promulgated.

In 1910, concerned about potential revolutionary activity, Interior Minister Pyotr Stolypin restored the ukaz's restrictions and shut down the Prosvita societies and Ukrainian-language publications. The Russian-language press and intellectuals launched a campaign against the idea of Ukrainian autonomy or separatism. Thus, self-aware Ukrainians remained a small intelligentsia in Dnieper Ukraine that was out of touch with a much larger rural population, which lacked the opportunity for a cultural education. The Russian imperial ideology dominated the schools and the army, and the Russian language was the only one used for official business in the urban workplace, government offices, nd public services. In the meantime, Ukrainian self-identity would grow in Austro-Hungarian Galicia, which was out of reach of Russian imperial authorities.
The ukaz was never cancelled but became void, along with all other Imperial Russian laws, in the February Revolution of 1917–18. After the Revolution, Ukrainian language, education and culture was allowed to flower in the Ukrainian National Republic and the Hetmanate, and briefly, under the Ukrainization policies of Soviet Ukraine before 1931.

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